RT Book, Section
A1 LU, Kurt Q.
A1 Novoa, Roberto A.
A2 Ali, Asra
SR Print(0)
ID 1176112478
T1 Immunology Review
T2 McGraw-Hill Education Specialty Board Review Dermatology: A Pictorial Review, 3e
YR 2015
FD 2015
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071793230
LK dermatology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1176112478
RD 2024/04/20
AB The  human  body  can  respond  to  antigen  via  innate  and/or  adaptive  immunity  (Fig.  27-1)Innate  immunity  (nonspecific,  nonclonal,  no  anamnestic  characteristics)Characteristics–  Immediate  first-line  defense  against  pathogens  composed  of  3  major  componentsNonspecific  physical  and  chemical  barriersRecruitment  and  activation  of  leukocytesRelease  and/or  activation  of  extracellular  humoral  mediators  (i.e.,  cytokines,  complement)–  Exists  prior  to  exposure  to  a  given  microbe  or  antigen  (requires  no  previous  exposure)  and  is  rapidly  available  on  pathogen  encounter  (minutes)Key  components–  Physical  and  chemical  barriers  to  pathogen  invasionSkin,  mucous  membranes,  cilia,  and  secretions  (mucous  and  sweat)  cover  body  surfaces  and  prevent  microorganisms  and  other  potentially  injurious  agents  from  entering  the  tissues  beneathMucus  traps,  dissolves,  and  sweeps  away  foreign  substancesSweat  contains  lactic  acid  and  other  substances  that  maintain  the  surface  of  the  epidermis  at  an  acidic  pH,  thereby  decreasing  colonization  by  bacteria  and  other  organismsChemical  barrier  antimicrobial  substances  include  enzymes  that  can  directly  injure  or  kill  microbial  pathogens