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What type of virus is implicated in Merkel Cell Carcinoma?
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A. DNA sequences of polyomavirus (Merkel cell polyomavirus, MCV, or MCPyV) have been detected in 80% of MCC but only 16% of healthy skin. The frequent finding of clonal integration of viral DNA within the MCC genome suggests that viral infection may play a fundament role in pathogenesis of the cancer.
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Which mutation is associated with development of melanoma in intermittently sun-exposed skin?
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B. BRAF mutations are more common in intermittently UV-exposed skin, whereas KIT mutations are more frequently found in chronically sun-exposed skin. BRAF mutations are more commonly detected in superficial spreading melanomas and melanomas that arise on nonchronically sun-damaged skin. NRAS mutations are more common in patients with nodular melanomas and melanomas arising on chronically sun-damaged skin.
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Where is the most common site on the body for BCC?
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D. Inferior orbital ridge
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B. BCC most commonly occur on the head with the most frequent site being on the face specifically the nasal tip and ala which account for 70% of cases.
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What anatomic area is associated with a higher rate of BCC development?
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C. Ventral, dorsal pattering lines
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D. Embryonic fusion plates
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D. The anatomic distribution of BCCs correlates with embryonic fusion planes. Recent data indicate that after adjusting for surface area, BCC occurrence is greater than 4 times more likely on embryonic fusion planes.
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What cytogenetic abnormality can be found in MCC?
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A. Gene duplication of the MYC gene
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B. Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 1
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C. Deletion of short arm of chromosome 5
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