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It’s a misconception that skin cancers are invariably “prosaic” basal cell carcinoma (BCC), SCC, or malignant melanoma. Skin cancers are fascinatingly varied and complex. Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a good example of an underappreciated skin cancer which can be misdiagnosed, inadequately excised, and highly destructive.

An 84-year-old woman presented for margin control surgery (MCS) with a tumor of the cheek which had been previously biopsied and diagnosed as a BCC. The slides were reviewed prior to the surgery. The pathologist noted that areas of the biopsy showed a highly infiltrative growth pattern, areas of ductal differentiation, and infiltration of small nerves. These findings were interpreted as more in line with a MAC rather than a BCC (Fig. 17.1).

FIGURE 17.1

Review of the pathology shows an infiltrative basaloid tumor with ductal differentiation consistent with MAC.

MCS was performed. The first excision was a central scalpel debulk which was sent to an outside laboratory in formalin for paraffin processing (Fig. 17.2). This facilitated a comprehensive histopathologic examination and confirmed the diagnosis of MAC. The first level was excised with approximately 2-mm clinical margins around the central debulk defect. The first-level histologic sections showed extensive tumor involving the entire radial margin (Fig. 17.3). The deep margin was negative for malignancy. The case was discussed with a remote dermatopathologist using a telepathology system utilizing an adapter and smartphone with a teleconference application.

FIGURE 17.2

A central debulk was excised and sent in formalin to an outside laboratory for comprehensive study and diagnosis.

FIGURE 17.3

Intraoperative frozen sections of the margin showed the first level was entirely positive radially. The deep margin was clear.

Three further levels were needed to achieve negative margins. At this point, almost the entire cosmetic subunit had been removed, so the remainder of that subunit was then demarcated and removed. This specimen served as a safety margin which was embedded in paraffin for margin assessment (Figs. 17.4 and 17.5). The defect was left open until the safety margin was confirmed to be negative for malignancy. Due to the size of the defect and its location, quite a meticulous reconstruction was needed (Fig. 17.6).

FIGURE 17.4

The second level was only clear in a small segment radially.

FIGURE 17.5

Following four levels, the resulting defect was just short of encompassing the entire cosmetic subunit. The remainder of the subunit was excised and served as a safety margin. This was negative for malignancy.

FIGURE 17.6

The defect was repaired with a ...

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