TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Growth and Differentiation of the Epidermis A1 - Lechler, Terry A2 - Kang, Sewon A2 - Amagai, Masayuki A2 - Bruckner, Anna L. A2 - Enk, Alexander H. A2 - Margolis, David J. A2 - McMichael, Amy J. A2 - Orringer, Jeffrey S. PY - 2019 T2 - Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e AB - Stem cell–A progenitor cells that can both self-renew and give rise to differentiated progeny for an extended period of time.Niche–The tissue microenvironment in which a stem cell resides that provides chemical and mechanical cues for the maintenance and regulation of the stem cell.Transit amplifying cell–Quickly dividing cells that give rise to differentiated progeny. They are usually not long-lived.Basal cells–The proliferative cells of the epidermis that form the innermost layer that attaches to the basement membrane.Spinous cells–The first differentiated layers of the epidermis. They are post-mitotic and enriched in desmosomes.Granular cell–Differentiated cells of the epidermis that contain keratohyalin granules that contain precursors for the cornified envelope. These cells form tight junctions that provide some of the barrier activity of the epidermis.Stratum corneum–The terminally differentiated layers of the superficial epidermis. It is composed of cornified envelopes, highly crosslinked meshworks of protein cemented together by specialized lipids that provides a barrier to the external environment.Epigenetics–Control of gene expression by modifications in chromatin, including post-translational modifications of DNA or histones, or chromatin remodeling. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - dermatology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1161320594 ER -