TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Cryoglobulinemia and Cryofibrinogenemia
A1  - Sartori-Valinotti, Julio C.
A1  - Davis, Mark D. P.
A2  - Kang, Sewon
A2  - Amagai, Masayuki
A2  - Bruckner, Anna L.
A2  - Enk, Alexander H.
A2  - Margolis, David J.
A2  - McMichael, Amy J.
A2  - Orringer, Jeffrey S.
Y1  - 2019
N1  - 
T2  - Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e
AB  - Cryoglobulins  are  circulating  immunoglobulins  found  in  both  serum  and  plasma  that  reversibly  precipitate  or  gel  upon  cold  exposure.  Cryofibrinogens  result  from  precipitation  of  fibrinogens  on  cold  exposure  and  are  detectable  only  in  plasma  samples,  not  serum.  This  chapter  focuses  on  conditions  that  lead  to  either  microvascular  occlusion  (Type  I  cryoglobulinemia  and  cryofibrinogenemia)  or  small-  and  medium-sized  vessel  vasculitis  (Type  II  and  III  cryoglobulinemia)  with  emphasis  on  lesion  morphology  and  cutaneous  manifestations.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - dermatology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1161350253
ER  -