TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Melasma A1 - Tannous, Zeina A1 - Avram, Mathew M. A1 - Tsao, Sandy A1 - Avram, Marc R. Y1 - 2011 N1 - T2 - Color Atlas of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2e AB - Melasma is an acquired brown macular hyperpigmentation usually of the face. It is far more common in females than in males. It usually presents bilaterally and symmetrically on the face, but extensor forearms may also be involved. There are believed to be three histologic variants of melasma: epidermal, dermal, and mixed dermal and epidermal. Epidermal melasma responds best to therapy. All forms have a high rate of recurrence, making this a frustrating condition to treat. Sun exposure, pregnancy, and oral contraceptive pills are all associated with its presentation and recurrence (Fig. 25.1). SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - dermatology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1175822440 ER -