TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Contact Dermatitis (Type 4 Sensitive Skin) A1 - Jacob, Sharon E. A2 - Baumann, Leslie A2 - Saghari, Sogol A2 - Weisberg, Edmund Y1 - 2009 N1 - T2 - Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice, 2e AB - Contact dermatitis is an umbrella expression for a group of dermatoses that are initiated by the pivotal event of the epidermis coming into contact with a triggering chemical. For practical purposes, there are three main clinical forms: (1) irritant contact dermatitis (ICD); (2) contact urticaria (CU); and (3) allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Approximately 80% of contact dermatitis cases are identified as ICD, because ICD represents a nonspecific inflammatory response to a chemical when the skin barrier function is impaired. Wet work (immersing in detergents, water, or other activities that require frequent hand washing) predisposes an individual to these irritant-type reactions because of disruptions in skin barrier function (see Chapter 11). Irritancy can also occur after chronic exposure to an environment with low humidity,1 or chronic exposure to saliva (lip smacking), urine, or feces. Another example of an inducible ICD is epidermal keratinocyte damage following a cosmetic peel (Fig. 18-1). SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - dermatology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1172446660 ER -