TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - ENDOCRINE, METABOLIC, AND NUTRITIONAL DISEASES
A1  - Wolff, Klaus
A1  - Johnson, Richard Allen
A1  - Saavedra, Arturo P.
A1  - Roh, Ellen K.
PY  - 2017
T2  - Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas and Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, 8e
AB  - Acanthosis  nigricans  (see  Section  5)  and  lipodystrophy.Associated  with  insulin  resistance  in  diabetes  mellitus.  Insulin-like  epidermal  growth  factors  may  cause  epidermal  hyperplasia.Adverse  cutaneous  drug  reactions  in  diabetes  (see  Section  23).Insulin:  Local  reactions—lipodystrophy  with  decreased  adipose  tissue  at  the  sites  of  subcutaneous  injection;  Arthus-like  reaction  with  urticarial  lesion  at  site  of  injection.Systemic  insulin  allergy:  Urticaria,  serum  sickness–like  reactions.Oral  hypoglycemic  agents:  Exanthematous  eruptions,  urticaria,  erythema  multiforme,  and  photosensitivity.Calciphylaxis  (see  Section  18).Cutaneous  perforating  disorders.Rare  conditions  in  which  horny  plugs  perforate  into  the  dermis  or  dermal  debris  is  eliminated  through  the  epidermis.  Not  always  associated  with  diabetes  (see  Section  18).Diabetic  bullae  (bullosis  diabeticorum)  (p.  379).Diabetic  dermopathy  (p.  381).Eruptive  xanthomas  (p.  391).Granuloma  annulare  (see  Section  14).Infections  (see  Sections  25  and  26).Poorly  controlled  diabetes  associated  with  increased  incidence  of  primary  and  secondary  Staphylococcus  aureus  infections,  cellulitis  (S.  aureus,  group  A  streptococcus),  erythrasma,  dermatophytoses,  candidiasis,  and  mucormycosis  with  necrotizing  nasopharyngeal  infections.Necrobiosis  lipoidica  (p.  382).Peripheral  neuropathy  (diabetic  foot)  (p.  380).Peripheral  vascular  disease  (see  Section  17).Small-vessel  vasculopathy  (microangiopathy):  Involves  arterioles,  venules,  and  capillaries.  Characterized  by  basement  membrane  thickening  and  endothelial  cell  proliferation.  Presents  clinically  as  acral  erysipelas-like  erythema,  and  ±  ulceration.Large-vessel  vasculopathy:  Incidence  greatly  increased  in  diabetes.  Ischemia  is  most  often  symptomatic  on  lower  legs  and  feet  with  gangrene  and  ulceration.  Predisposes  to  infections.Scleredema  diabeticorum.Synonym:  Scleredema  adultorum  of  Buschke.  Need  not  be  associated  with  diabetes.  Onset  correlates  with  duration  of  diabetes  and  with  the  presence  of  microangiopathy.  Skin  findings:  Poorly  demarcated  scleroderma-like  induration  of  the  skin  and  subcutaneous  tissue  of  the  upper  back,  neck,  and  proximal  extremities.  Rapid  onset  and  progression.Scleroderma-like  syndrome.  Scleroderma-like  thickening  of  skin  and  limited  joint  mobility  ("prayer  sign").  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/18
UR  - dermatology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1140791203
ER  -