RT Book, Section
A1 Subramanyan, Kumar
A1 Ananth, K.P.
A2 Baumann, Leslie
A2 Saghari, Sogol
A2 Weisberg, Edmund
SR Print(0)
ID 1172447778
T1 Cleansing Agents
T2 Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice, 2e
YR 2009
FD 2009
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071490627
LK dermatology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1172447778
RD 2024/04/19
AB Traditionally,  the  primary  purpose  of  cleansing  has  been  to  achieve  cleanliness  and  freshness  by  removing  oily  soils,  bacteria,  and  dirt  from  the  face  and  body.  The  need  to  cleanse  in  order  to  maintain  personal  hygiene  has  been  recognized  for  over  a  1000  years.  While  the  use  of  soap-like  materials  for  cleansing  originated  as  early  as  2500  BCE,1  soap  itself  is  believed  to  have  been  invented  sometime  around  600  to  300  BCE.2  Interestingly,  the  steps  involved  in  the  soap  production  process,  known  as  saponification,  were  a  carefully  guarded  secret  until  they  were  published  in  1775,  which  eventually  paved  the  way  for  the  origins  of  the  soap  industry.3  The  first  industrial  manufacturing  of  soap  in  an  individually  wrapped  and  branded  bar  form  occurred  in  1884  in  England.2  Nevertheless,  the  oldest  brand,  Yardley,  a  small-scale  perfumery  and  soap  business,  was  founded  in  1770,  before  the  large-scale  production  of  soap  was  given  the  boost  by  the  publication  of  the  saponification  process.  Several  current  soap  producers,  including  Colgate  Palmolive,  Dial  Corporation,  Andrew  Jergens,  Procter  &  Gamble,  and  Unilever,  began  the  manufacturing  of  soap  in  the  1800s.3  The  desire  for  cleanliness  and  freshness  coupled  with  the  sensory  pleasures  and  health  benefits  drove  the  growth  of  the  soap  industry  in  the  20th  century.4  Thus,  deodorant  soaps  grew  from  a  need  for  health  and  hygiene  benefits  while  the  beauty  segment,  on  the  other  hand,  grew  from  a  desire  for  beautiful  skin  and  the  pleasures  of  cleansing  from  using  bars  of  different  colors,  fragrances,  and  shapes.  This  chapter  will  discuss  the  recent  evolution  in  cleansing  agents,  focusing  on  key  ingredients,  and  product  types  and  their  interaction  with  the  skin.