RT Book, Section
A1 Baumann, Leslie
SR Print(0)
ID 1174543481
T1 Anti-Inflammatory Agents
T2 Cosmeceuticals and Cosmetic Ingredients
YR 2015
FD 2015
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071793988
LK dermatology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1174543481
RD 2024/09/12
AB In  the  1st  century  CE,  Cornelius  Celsus  described  the  signs  of  acute  inflammation  as:  calor  (heat),  dolor  (pain),  rubor  (redness)  and  tumor  (swelling).1  This  accurate  depiction  of  the  sequence  of  events  that  occurs  in  inflammation  is  characteristic  of  all  types  of  inflammation  regardless  of  the  provocative  stimuli,  which  can  include  injury,  friction,  emotion,  exposure  to  irritants  or  allergens,  or  infectious  agents.2  The  initial  insult  to  the  skin  causes  vasodilation  that  is  seen  as  redness.  The  endothelial  lining  of  the  blood  vessels  becomes  more  permeable  and  leads  to  extravasation.  In  other  words,  substances  leak  out  of  the  vessel  causing  increased  fluid  in  the  tissues,  which  results  in  swelling.  Inflammatory  mediators  such  as  cytokines  and  interleukins  are  released  and  activate  multiple  pathways  that  can  lead  to  pain,  redness,  and  swelling  as  well  as  serve  to  beckon  immune  cells  to  the  area.