RT Book, Section A1 Kono, Taro A1 Chan, Henry Hin-Lee A2 Alam, Murad A2 Bhatia, Ashish C. A2 Kundu, Roopal V. A2 Yoo, Simon S. A2 Chan, Henry Hin-Lee SR Print(0) ID 1175118497 T1 Dermal Color Improvement in Ethnic Skin: Vascular Lasers and Lights T2 Cosmetic Dermatology for Skin of Color YR 2009 FD 2009 PB McGraw Hill Medical PP New York, NY SN 9780071487764 LK dermatology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1175118497 RD 2024/11/14 AB Laser treatment of vascular lesions was first developed in 1960s, and the risks of scarring and texture changes were very common in the early days. In 1983, the concept of selective photothermolysis revolutionized the use of laser for the treatment of vascular lesions. Since then, pulsed dye laser (PDL) has become the gold standard in the treatment of port wine stains (PWSs). However, for technical reasons in the past, no PDL had been developed with a pulse duration longer than 1 millisecond (ms) until the late 1990s. However, complications, especially dyspigmentation such as hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation, were common, especially in dark-skinned patients. To minimize complications caused by higher fluence in dark-skinned patients, epidermal protection by skin cooling was developed. Newer-generation PDLs provide extended pulse durations, adequate skin cooling, and higher power, leading to enhanced clinical efficacy and lower risk of complication, especially in dark-skinned patients.